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A variable valve timing (VVT) system functions by adjusting the timing of the opening and closing of the engine's intake and exhaust valves relative to the position of the crankshaft. This adjustment optimizes engine performance across different RPMs and operating conditions. By varying the timing, the VVT system can enhance fuel efficiency, increase power output, decrease emissions, and improve overall engine responsiveness.

The advantages of this technology lie in its ability to adapt to the engine's needs, allowing for improved performance at higher RPMs, where the engine can benefit from more aggressive valve timing for power generation, while optimizing valve actions at lower RPMs for efficient fuel usage and smoother operation. This dynamic adjustment is crucial for modern engines, which require flexibility to meet diverse driving conditions and efficiency standards.

Other options do not accurately represent the core function of a VVT system. Instead of altering the fuel mixture, modifying throttle size, or regulating exhaust, a VVT system singularly focuses on optimizing valve operation, which is fundamental to enhancing engine efficiency and performance.